Gender and the Black Freedom Movement

Introduction In the recent past, scholars and historians have focused commendable attention on the activities of Afro-Americans in the United States that led to their liberation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gender and the Black Freedom Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Historians have thus produced numerous analyses of civil rights organizations, history of the intellectual aspects of the liberation thoughts of the black Americans, biographies of people who played key roles in fighting for civil rights, like Malcolm X, Dr. King, etcetera, and even various studies of parties like the Black Panther Party, that key roles in the fight for black freedom. However, one key aspect of the black freedom movement lacks in these studies. This aspect is the great role that was played by women in the black freedom movement. This paper is an in-depth exploration of the oft-neglected role of women in the fight for bl ack freedom in the post-war period. Evidence of women’s involvement in struggle for black freedom Although most of them have been left out of historical books, and thus their names are not popular among the masses, there is overwhelming evidence of the involvement of black women in the fight for black freedom. One such evidence is the historical images captured during the worst protests that took place during the civil rights activism that led to the freedom of the blacks. In such images where protesters are manhandled by the police, there are girls and women everywhere. This, therefore, shows that women were actively involved in the struggle for black freedom. An example of such images is an image captured in 1964, in which Vera Piggy is talking about voter registration to her audience while styling her hair. There is also an image captured in 1963, in which black students of the Florida A M University are answering charges related to protests they participated in against s egregation in movie theaters. Most of the students in the group are female. Women activists like Rosa Parks took the lead in the protests against discriminatory practices like the giving of a seat to white men in buses (Charlayne, 2008). Reasons for unpopularity of women activists Despite the fact that the role of women in the fight for racial equality is slowly being recognized, history has neglected these people who fought so hard to make our nation what it is today due to the nature of roles they played in the fight for black freedom.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One main reason for the lack of popularity of women in the black freedom period is the fact that the roles of women in the movement forced most of them to stay in the background. Many women chose this role, while others failed to get chances because their male counterparts in the fight for black freedom were the f irst to be given opportunities at popularity. For instance, there were a number of cases in which female activists sought to deliver speeches but they did not get the chance because such speeches were dominated by their fellow black males (Elaine, 1992). It can thus be argued that the black women suffered double discrimination; both sexism and racism. Examples of women who are not widely mentioned Some female civil rightsactivists simply miss out, or they are scarcely mentioned in historical articles and books. Such women include Rosa Parks, a brave woman who ignited protests against the discriminatory giving of seats to whites in buses, Dorothy Height, who was always in the front line in protests for black freedom, Kathleen Cleaver, an influential scholar who was previously a revolutionary, and Sonia Sanchez, who was also an influential scholar and civil rights activist. Other women who participated in the struggle for black freedom include Harriet Tubman, who defied prevailing dis criminatory laws to operate the Underground Railroad, Mary Terrel, an advocate for black freedom, and a civil activist who was the reason why Washington hotels finally gave in to allowing black people to use their services. Watkins Harper, whose poetry was instrumental in sparking activism, Ida Wells, who was an investigative journalist, and who took a key role in talking against, and exposing the inhumanity in the lynching of people (Cole, 2003). Women who are widely mentioned in history Some women activists got the chance to get into books of history. These were mostly the wives of the most visible male activists. Such women include Betty Shabazz, Coretta Scott King, and Myrlie Evers Williams. This is because they got the chance to be always on the front line in protests, speeches, and social gatherings as they accompanied their husbands. They were also civil rights activists in their own right, which made them be immortalized in books of history. Coretta Scott King, a civil right s activist, leader and also an author, was the wife of the renowned Dr. King (Martin Luther). Her husband was widely known for his hope and the civil rights speeches that he delivered across America while defending the blacks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gender and the Black Freedom Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of his most famous speeches was the proverbial â€Å"I have a dream† speech. Betty Shabazz, also a civil rights activist, was the wife of Malcolm X, the renowned civil rights activist who believed in nationalism and preached the use of violence to overcome violence. Malcolm X’s work seemed to complement the work of Martin Luther (Dr. King) because the latter believed in peaceful protests while the former activist was not afraid to call for violent protests against the injustices that were perpetrated against the blacks. After Malcolm X was assassinated in her presence, B etty continued his legacy of fighting for the rights of black people, while raising her six children, and at the same time advancing her studies to get a PhD. She was viewed by the black freedom generation as the epitome of perseverance. For living a productive life after her husband’s death, and continuing his fight for black freedom, Betty made her way into books of history. Myrlie Evers Williams was the wife of the civil activist Medgar Evers who was slain after signs of his struggle for black freedom started bearing fruit. He was an activist for voting rights for blacks, and he was also a renowned civil rights activist. After the death of her husband, Myrlie became a great civil rights activist, and even went forward to become the chairperson of the NAACP, an organization that she saved from bankruptcy. Her success in civil rights and her subsequent popularity in the history of black freedom were due to the activism that she practiced after the death of her husband (Lolla r, 2009). A couple of years after the death of her husband, Myrlie married her second husband, Walter Williams, who was also a civil rights activist. Conclusion Black women, of the black movement period, played key roles in the emancipation of black Americans. They were caretakers for various civil rights movements, during which they acted as community builders. They were also very active in forming networks for fighting for the rights of black people. It is unquestionable that black women of the black revolution period were tireless workers, central figures in civil rights groups, outspoken voices in campaigns and rallies for fighting for rights of the black people, and thus they were very active as members of the Black Nationalist movements that were created and engineered by their male counterparts like Malcolm X. Other black women nationalists even extended their anti-imperialist activism to third world countries in Africa, and Asia. Such third world countries include China, Alg eria, Ghana, and a number of other third world countries. Examples of the stated activists include Shirley Graham Du Bois, a very influential figure in the Black Nationalist movements, and Garvin (Charlayne, 2008). Their activism in civil rights made a lot of people gain freedom from bondage by imperialist governments. It is thus evident that the black freedom movement had far-reaching liberalizing effects on the oppressed and the enslaved.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is very unfortunate that the acts of these brave women have been virtually left out of the history of black freedom. Historical records are full of the activist activities of their male counterparts like Malcolm X and his friend, Martin Luther King Jr. (Dr. King). It is thus of essence that a nuanced approach to the preservation of historical facts is followed. Scholars should also work to establish the extent to which black women contributed to the freedom of black people during this period. Reference List Charlayne, H. (2008). Black Women Freedom Fighters: History Lived, Lessons. Learned. Retrieved from https://kathmanduk2.wordpress.com/2008/04/03/black-women-freedom-fighters-history-lived-lessons-learned/ Cole, J. (2003). Gender Talk: The Struggle for Women’s Equality in African American  Communities. New York. Ballantine Books. Elaine, B. (1992). A Taste of Power: A Black Women’s Story. New York. Pantheon Books. Lollar, M. (2009). Husband’s death turns Evers-Williams into champion of social justice. Web. This essay on Gender and the Black Freedom Movement was written and submitted by user Lizard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tourist Program Sustainable Development of the Spiritual Model for Tirupati, the religious center of India

Tourist Program Sustainable Development of the Spiritual Model for Tirupati, the religious center of India Executive Summary The achieving the main goal of Sustainable Development of Spiritual Model for Tirupati region, the project is aimed at assisting the religious heritage tourism sector, mainly medium-sized tourism businesses and stakeholders, in developing favorable social, economic, and environmental benefits based on the natural and cultural setting of the South India.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourist Program: Sustainable Development of the Spiritual Model for Tirupati, the religious center of India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The project’s objective is to collect resources, incentives, and tools that will be used by local tourism enterprises. In addition, tourism project seeks to solve the problem of site management and retain the world heritage site values and mitigate possible site threats. In the course of project, several general principles for sustainable cultural heritage have been created from existing principle of cultural heritage preservation. Based on those principles, three lines of strategies have been presented for the local tourism businesses. Important statistics and financial reports have been compiled within main tourism business of the region, as well as best tourism practices have been analyzed to introduce positive changes for sustainable tourism. The examples will be presented as an auxiliary material. Plans and principles for a common cultural heritage sustainable program have presented and the project to use the basic principles of the World Heritage Community to advance the tourism program in Tirupati region, South India. The sustainable model for Tirupati region tourism development will be established in 2012 to promote sustainable tourism and encourage the preservation of the cultural heritage in India. In addition, the project will also be premised on the tourism program for Taj Mahal venue. The concerns will be specifically connected with the a nalysis of environmental pollution issues which involve transportation challenges. Project Information and Objectives Vision and Mission The program is oriented on empowering and developing the tourism sector in the South India to continually innovate and improve sustainable tourism practices. The mission of the tourism project is to assist the tourism region in adjusting to sustainable tourism practices in economical, cultural, and environmental terms. Main Objectives To collect, record, and evaluate the best tourism practices that would be relevant for the given religious center; Develop high quality infrastructure at pilgrimage destination to enhance the environment and attract more tourists to the place; To market cultural heritage tourism practices and assess the benefits from implementing them; To expand and develop the world heritage tourism project aimed at enhancing the management capacity and providing effective techniques to promote conservation and security; To create s trategic partnerships to encourage socio-economic benefits and employment by introducing capacity building of small business enterprises and promoting an economic diversity; To assist the World Heritage Committee and the UNESCO Secretariat in solving the tourism management issue. It will contribute to ensuring the original character and authenticity of the religious site. Program Partnerships and the Potential for Tourism Growth and Success The core of the project is based on the principles and aspects described in the World Heritage Tourism Program that strives to take actions in the tourism industry sector to define how this field can contribute to safeguarding the cultural and national resources. In this respect, the framework provided by the program will serve as the basis for initiating joint activities and collaboration features between the identified tourist religious venue and the World Heritage Center of UNESCO.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media ? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The potential for the Tirupati region is enormous because this tourist site is known as the one possessing religious significance. Specifically, the tourist flow in the religious center amounts to 50,000 people daily, which is about 19 million people per year. The current facilities in Tirupati do not meet the international standards and, as a result, the site fails to meat the increasing demand of visitors due to the lack of financing and resources. The above-established goals will contribute to higher profitability of the place; it will also attract a greater number of tourists. The Starting Point of the Program Investment Attractiveness Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh Infrastructure and Strategic Location. Today heritage tourism, an important sector of the international tourism, has the highest potential for development. Millions of tourists visit religious and cultural sites annually and, there fore, tourism has become a crosscutting problem of site management (See Appendix 1). At this point, a great number of cities in the South India, particularly in Tirupati spiritual sector, lack necessary experience and trained personnel, as well as local policy makers and communities that fail to contribute to cultural and spiritual diversity of tourism. Tirupati is located in Andhra Pradesh, the Southern Part of India. The region has two airports of the international level; it also included the port city. Hence, the airport is able to accept about 7 million passengers coming from different directions. Importantly, the regions has developed infrastructure facilities, including rail and road network, banking facilities, impressive industrial estates, reliable communication infrastructure, and developed technical institutes. State policies. The local government has ratified various industrial and investment polices to promote rapid production growth and develop service sectors with an international perspective. As a result, the government has managed to establish about nine industrial parks within a very short period of time. Industry. A State Government enterprise, Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation, has already established 272 specialized parks and industrial estates (See Appendix 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tourist Program: Sustainable Development of the Spiritual Model for Tirupati, the religious center of India specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Brief Overview of Tirupati Tirupati, a religious place and a sacred site of pilgrimage, is situated in Chittoor region of Andra Pradesh, at a height of 500 feet above the sea level. The city has a well-developed chain of trains and roads and, therefore, the centre of the city of highly available. The spot is known for the temple of Lord Venkateswara, the richest shrine in India. It is a significant pilgrimage site, with pilgr ims climbing the hills to reach the hilltop, where Tirumala town is located. The town of Tirupati also has a number of temples and it is known for its brass and copper idols, as well as red wooden toys. Potential Hazards to Spiritual Tourism in Tirupati Region Loss of original character and authenticity because of encroachment. The pressure because of illegal encroachments and unplanned visitor facilities has a negative impact on the site area. In addition, encroachment hampers the normal pedestrian movement. Developmental pressure can be hazardous for the authenticity of the religious site. Unplanned visitor behavior. Unregulated visitor flow can significantly hamper the tourist circulation. Site management system, therefore can eliminate lack of personnel resources and provides a regulation of visitors during holidays and weekends. Project Implementation and Results Developing Infrastructures By advancing and sophisticating the municipal infrastructure, it will be possible to impr ove the quality of tourists’ destination and promote greater connectivity among the religious spots. Hence, Destination Utility infrastructure can be significantly enhanced by introducing cafeteria, waiting pavilions, clean water supply, toilets, and outside furniture. Importantly, greater quality of transport organization at temple site, or near temples sites should also be supported with regard to the current environmental issues. Each area of the region should have specific interpretation centers providing tourists with a brief depiction of the region, including possible exhibits and displays on flora and fauna, museums locations, etc. At this point, documentation establishments for spiritual researchers will also be encouraged. An important aspect of the project is connected to the provision of accommodation facilities such as budget hotels, camping tents, and luxury resorts. In this respect, the concept of township should be implemented to introduce a visionary community aimed at supporting the tourist population through introduction of commercial space, hotel networks, and entertainment malls.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The introduction of this program concept is rational due to the high attractiveness of the site for investment. In particular, enhanced religious tourist flow, potential development of IT hub, and possibility to introduce center of trade and commerce provide a solid platform for sufficient financial support. Enhancing the Main Appeal of the Religious Site Pilgrimage to religious sites is highly motivated by the willingness to experience divinity and mysticism of Gods. The experience can be gained through organizing spiritual pavilions for familiarizing the tourists with the Indian history, including its significance for the contemporary society. Hence, spirituality pavilions will introduce the basic ideas about spirituality and science to stimulate the visitors to make inquiries about the philosophical problems in the Indian history. The course of tourism development, therefore, should be centered on the core appeal of the new tourism products complementing the attraction of the rel igious centers. Apart from the spirituality pavilions, the presentation of specific historical sites and associated events can also be dramatized to attract more tourists and make the place more entertaining. For instance, a historical pilgrimage to the most notable religious sites should be organized and specific bus routs should be established. The transportation system, therefore, must be re-organized in accordance with the newly promoted religious destinations. Preparing the Conservation of Resources A comprehensive plan on restoring and conserving the cultural heritage sites is possible through the involvement of specific archeology departments located in Andhra Pradesh. Specifically, effective solid waste management can be introduced to minimize the negative consequences of visiting temples. Involving plant into regulating solid waster treatment can contribute to creating a healthier environment and ensure safety of religious sites and high quality of tourist services. The dev elopment of township creates a number of environmental problems that should be split into two types – the construction and operation phases. At the first stage, it is purposeful to provide an ecologically friendly plan to minimize the effects of land acquisition, personal movement, workers camps, and site clearance. Aside from environment management within the tourist district, the travelers, or potential customers outside the region, are fully aware of the implications their trip can have on local communities and environments. In this respect, they should have a feeling of greater responsibility for the trip they experience. With regard to the above-considered problems, the establishment and continuous improvement of environmental approaches and polices is crucial. Waste, lodging, and transportation policies should be adjusted to the local conditions in the Southern region of India. In whole, conservation of resources and presentation of sustainable model for spirituality to urism are aimed at promoting sustainable tourism in India and provide a forum for internal tour operator to share their opinions and experience to meet the highest international standards. Engaging Government Participation The government should take an active part in integrating tourism destination with recreational facilities, commercial regions, budget hotels, and luxury residents. At this point, the local authorities should pay closer attention to the private sector and its activities related to investing the tourism sector. Multi-stakeholder partnership, therefore, is an inherent condition for advancing the tourism project. Additionally, the local communities should also be engaged with handling small businesses, such as souvenir shops, transport services, cafeteria, craft shops, etc. With regard to the above, the government should create a partnership to identify the drawbacks in religious infrastructure, discover new opportunities, and provide the standards that would meet the international demands. The detailed evaluation plan will look as follows: Collecting feedback from tourist operators to create the appropriate facilities; Enumerating the current facilities and other requirements for the visitors; Providing strategies based on the above-presented study; Receiving a detailed report on the proposed project (sustainability development of the spiritual tourism); Identifying which aspects of the model are of the highest priority; Preparing a step-by-step schedule for contractor and stakeholders; Creating a conceptual framework for defining the skill gaps in cit management and service delivery; Defining the exact responsibilities and roles of temple trust; Evaluating effectiveness of the proposed project. Introduction of Special Tourist Products At the current moment, Tirupati is viewed as one of the most attractive spots among the tourists. However, due to the lack of human resources and inappropriate commercial infrastructure, the religious destinati on should be enhanced through introducing special interest tourist products, including ecological tours, a variety of recreational facilities, and sports clubs. The township project, therefore, will provide the latest activities including a number of amenities and sites for tourists. In addition, an adequate commercial infrastructure will be tailored in accordance to the demands of the tourists. The hierarchy of commercial properties, including local shops, cinema halls, and entertainment destination will be included at a local area. In order to introduce new products, the proposed project should be presented as an independent area for developing residential, commercial, and recreational districts with high standard infrastructure. The presented profile is designed for serving the entire population sample paying pilgrimage to the temples in Tirupati. In order to meet the requirements of integrated development, quality institutional enclaves should be introduced to the township. At t his point, introducing theme park can increase the potential number of visitors to religious destinations, particular to the temple of Tirupati. Because, people, particularly the younger population are more exposed to entertainment, the Indian classical standards will also undergo change to meet the international ones. Therefore, theme parks will encourage the visitors to explore myths, themes, origins, and legends linked to particular deities. Most importantly, the venue will also serve as a recreational and entertainment park for residents and tourists to spend time with friend and family. The usefulness and uniqueness of the park consists in promoting heritage and culture of India in an original way using up-to-date technology. The latter is used to promote the communication strategy that corresponds to the one practiced in the Disney World Theme Park. Introducing Destination Promotion Strategy The destination promotion strategy is congruent with values that the World Heritage Co mmunity promulgates. Because the project under analysis is the result of collaborative approaches used, the program on the World Heritage Policy. In particular, building the capacity of tourism management â€Å"develops and/or refines a multi-stakeholder vision for tourism development at the site and creates and/or enhances the framework for visitor limits and monitoring, site interpretation and development of appropriate infrastructure† (UNESCO.org 2). In addition, relying on the concept of potential collaboration, the tourism project should pay closer attention to tourism management plans playing a pivotal role in organizing workshops at the religious site. The priorities should be given to conservation messages and identification on visitors’ needs. Training local community management and advancing the quality of human resource management is an essential component of successful sustainability project implementation. Because tourism creates a demand for a variety of services, the community should be provided with the opportunity for learning and development. Introducing a well-planned tourism project through developing local history knowledge provides an invaluable experience and support for the tourism region. Indeed, training residents in marketing and business skills for existing tourism products will have a positive impact on helping to generate tools for mitigating pressures to the attraction sports. More importantly, the strategy will contribute to enhancing the concept of spirituality. SWOT Analysis – Evaluating Future Opportunities and Predicting Challenges The main strength of the project has been an effective, functioning partnership and a powerful Tirupati township network. Various organizations and institutions have been involved into the project implementation, including UNESCO. The credibility of the organization allows us to conclude that the project promises to be effective. The major weakness of the program lies in the f act that the project involves a multi-faceted approach to introducing changes. Too many plans and strategies are implemented to solve multiple problems. As a result, a vast area of the tourism sector is engaged. In order to eliminate the weakness, the plan should be split into several subsequent steps of the implementation. In order to advance the fulfillment of the project objectives, specific emphasis should be placed on establishing international ties with the world-known non-profit organizations that seek to support environmentally friendly projects on promoting and preserving cultural heritage. In this respect, the collaborative features with international tourist enterprises should greatly contribute to the development of a competitive environment in India. Because Tirupati is one of the numerous religious centers in India, the competition in the country is rigorous. Therefore, sustaining a competitive advantage is a serious challenge. Economic and Marketing Activities Because the main purpose of the program is to develop and empower the tourist sector in the Tirupati region to improve tourism practices through the establishment of a well-coordinated township, the following economic and marketing stages should be overcome: Developing a particular field of marketing and economic activity; Applying to available economic and industrial infrastructure; Initiating tourism project in Andhra Pradesh; Creating a favorable employed environment; Using natural resources with regard to the ecological environment; The project can be interpreted as a potential support system for the rise of the local economic. The decisive role of the proposed tourism model is presented within two dimensions. First, similar to other spirituality models in the country, the township organization enhancing spirituality and environment assists in achieving the objectives. Second, the religious center, along with other parts of India, is lagging behind such districts as Maharashtra and K arnataka in terms of industrialization and investment. Such a situation results in low growth of the domestic product. In order to reverse the economic recession, the proposed project should have a potential impact on the process of economic growth in India. The project under consideration has been conceptualized to encourage various economic activities ranging from services to different industries being connected to the current industrial clusters in the district. The conceptualization of the project will provide the following marketing benefits: Facilitation of the economic activity in the region by proposing infrastructural support to the industries; Construction of the religious pavilions and involvement of industries in creating higher employment rates; The proposed project will increase the revenues collected as a result of tourist activities; Finally, the project will contribute to the welfare of the regional economy. Conclusions It can be concluded that sustainable develop ment of the spirituality tourism programs has created serious disputes concerning eco-labeling and religious appeal and has provided the training implications for the region. A great number of international organizations can be connected to sustainable tourism, but no concrete collaborative features have been created so far. The project under consideration, therefore, is aimed at facilitating the discussion in a global context to lay a foundation for work within the international tourism perspective. The tourist model is indispensible to creating a solid platform for development of sustainable spirituality tourism, where the sustainability is interpreted through the prism of long-term development. This kind of project is especially important for the regions with developing infrastructure, where the concept of spirituality is not fully congruent with financial and economic possibilities. In this respect, the regions should gain greater awareness of their responsibilities for the iden tified areas. In future, the international cooperation can make the mission much stronger to increase the quality of services and promote an ecologically healthy environment. In order to create a well-developed infrastructure of the township, it is necessary to enhance site management to handle incoming human resources and provide support to employees organizing tourism programs for visitors. More importantly, when the concept of spirituality of the region has been developed, it will be purposeful to work out strategies for involving industries and local authorities in constructing an effective transport system to handle the tourists’ inflow properly. Finally, once the basic objectives of the project have been achieved, the tourism region should come to the forth as an internally labeled district endowed with high marketing potential and competitive advantage for further development and improvement. Taking into account the experience of related spirituality tourism project, T irupati regions should be more concerned with the future possibilities for preserving the cultural heritage and promulgating the main religious venues as being culturally and historically important. Finally, aside from cultural and historical concerns, the preservation of natural resources is of particular importance as well. At this point, introducing specific activities and measures minimizing the negative impact is urgent. UNESCO.org. A Proposed Framework for the Development of Joint Cooperation on Nature Conservation and Sustainable Tourism at World Heritage Natural Sites, World Heritage Center, n. d. Web. http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/activities/documents/activity-113-1.pdf Appendix 1: Economic Profile of India (2003-2004 Period) Indian Economy The country akes the 10th place in the world and the 3rd one in Asian region. Sector Contribution: Services Sector Industry Sector Agriculture Sector 51.8 % 27 % 31 % Exports: United States China United Kingdom US $ 76 billion 21 % 6 % 5 % Imports: United States Belgium China United Kingdom US $ 100 billion 7 % 6 % 5 % 5 % Gross Domestic Product per capita (2004) $ 3.1000 Appendix 2: Parks/Industrial Estates in Andhra Pradesh S. No. The Industrial Estate Areas (Acres) 1. ICICI Knowledge Park, Hyderabad 200 2. Shapoorji Pallonji Bio-Tech Park, Hyderabad 750 3. Marine Bio-Tech Park, Vizag 218 4. Agri Bio-Tech Park, Patancheru 200 5. Pharma Park, Vizag 2200 6. EPIP, Pasamylaram 160 7. AP Gems and Jewellery Park, Hyberabad 0.5 8. Special Economic Zone, Vizag 9200 9. Financial District, Hyderabad 113

Riddley Walker and Enders Game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Riddley Walker and Enders Game - Essay Example Locke. A name that was so credential to the population of the United Kingdom in the latter half of the 1600's. Locke was a great man who did many things for his country. "Locke is remembered today largely as a politic philosopher. He preached the doctrine that man naturally possesses certain large rights, the chief being life, liberty, and property." (pg.278, History at an Estranged Glance, by McCracken Phil & Dover, Ben, Your Momma Books LTD., Kandahar, Afghanistan, 2001) Locke influenced not only the people of his time, but many political thinkers in the years to come. "The American Declaration of Independence, clearly reflects Locke's teachings." (pg.278, McCracken & Dover) As well as a political thinker, Locke was also a teacher, preacher, scientist, physician, and confidential secretary to many important people of that time-frame. All in all, a very important individual in history who presented many valid points. Peter Wiggins may only be a young boy, but inside his mind is a vastly complex series of thoughts and ideas, limited to few people on the earth. "There are maybe two or three thousand people in the world as smart as us, little sister. Most of them are making a living somewhere. Teaching, the poor bastards, or doing research. Precious few of them are actually in positions of power." (pg.129, Ender's Game, by Card, Orson S., Tom Doherty and Associates Inc., New York, N.Y., 1991) Peter is an extremely persuasive person, and this is a substantial characteristic of his, which comes to play when some of his valid points are discussed and debated over in the international forum. "Peter was a master of flattery, and all of his teachers bought it." (pg.124, Card) Another characteristic which helps Peter along the way is his outstanding self control. Peter doesn't let his emotions get involved in his forum writings, therefore, making it more credible to others on the net, that he is an adult, not a child. "Peter was not insane, not in the sense that he wasn't in control of himself. He was in better control of himself than anyone she (Valentine) knew. Peter could delay any desire as long as he needed to; he could conceal any emotion" (pg.125, Card) Peter is, in fact, a child genius. Demosthenes, was a Greek orator who was born in Athens in 384 BC. He was an extremely accomplished public speaker in his time, probably one of the best ever in his country of Greece. "Demosthenes was the greatest Athenian orator." (pg.701, McCracken & Dover) Demosthenes' brilliant and controversial speeches did many things good and bad. His declamations often consisted of harsh words towards Philip II of Macedon, and the Macedon people, who were at the time, invading Greece's gold mines, and blocking off their grain routes. Often in his addresses, he would try to persuade the people of Athens to make a stand against the Macedons. " Throughout the 340's, Demosthenes continued his efforts to persuade the Athenians to take a strong stand against the Macedons. He continued to stir up opposition to what he regarded as Macedonian infringement of Greek liberty" (pg.701, McCracken & Dover) Many of Demosthenes' clever speeches, such as the Philippics, have been preserved, and are still debate d over today by scholars, and modern day philosophers. Valentine Wiggins, although a young girl, has

Advancing Career Development. Personal and Professional Profile Essay

Advancing Career Development. Personal and Professional Profile - Essay Example Categorical initiatives could benefit the industry, but there is a broader push on the component of the regime to try out and promote salubrious healthy living. Factors like utility prices and salary rates will have an impact on numerous aspects of the industry, as costs will elevate and customers may need to prioritize their expenditure as their disposable income are cut down. From the PESTEL analysis of the three companies, namely Fitness First, Virgin Active, and Gold’s Gym companies, it is evident that people have placed their health first before everything else. Most of their management skills have been enhanced to keep the clients satisfied and eager to search for better health opportunities. It is also true that in most fitness centers, customers who are satisfied with the services come back often and build a good reputation for the companies. General Managers are normally responsible for daily operations of a business. Planning, Monitoring and Controlling is what they need to do. Responsibilities also include hiring or training staff members and to deal with clients. Business Development Managers are needed in the Health and Beauty Industry as the market becomes more and more occupied and as competition level increases. That is why it is vital to have a specialist, who is focused on innovations and improvements. When analysing business processes, I was able to identify important issues and made some useful recommendations, like the development of a web-site and advertising of new products and services via texts to the customer base I am an experienced strategic planner and consultant with proven results in a variety of industries. My entrepreneurial spirit has permitted me to achieve established success, along with my understanding of market trends and implementing processes to grow and expand products and services. I have proven organizational and time-management skills, with extensive knowledge of Design Process

Seatbelts Laws Are Beneficial- Disagree Essay Example for Free

Seatbelts Laws Are Beneficial- Disagree Essay The article that is being critique is called â€Å"Primary Seat belt Enforcement Laws Are Beneficial.† The author of this article is Kathyrn O’Leary Higgins. She explains on the reasoning behind why seatbelt laws are very beneficial to wear. Her main reasoning of this article is to explain and commend you for considering this measure that will so easily save many motor vehicle occupants from crash-related deaths and injuries. She strongly believes that people who do not wear there seatbelt are more likely to get in to car accidents. She did a great job putting this article together with all the good information and great points to each idea. The author Kathyrn does give good credibility throughout her article. Her vocabulary was good aimed toward college students. She did not however look in the direction on how seatbelt laws can be unbeneficial. Although her topic is very debatable many do not agree with the idea that seatbelt enforcement laws are beneficial. â€Å"Seatbelt laws may be the number one defense against motor vehicle injuries and fatalities†. The author also mentions that,† These drivers, who choose not to buckle up, tend to exhibit multiple high risk behaviors and are more frequently involved in crashes.† Yet, that idea can be very debatable. Many people would highly disagree, just because you aren’t wearing your seatbelt doesn’t many you are more likely to drive crazy. In addition, Many people believe that it should be your own decision if you want to wear a seatbelt or not. Yes there may be many cases where a seatbelt has saved individuals lives. But there are also many accidents where a seatbelt has killed a person’s life or seriously injured the individual. For an example on how a seatbelt killed an individual, there was one accident wear the car caught on fire and the individual could not get the seatbelt unattached which kept him trapped in the car and died from the fire. Also many people get injured from seatbelts. They get bad chest and shoulder injuries. There was one paper that mentioned on how the mother left her daughter in the car while she was having a conversation with a friend. She had a bad feeling and deceided to stop and check on her daughter. She knew something was not right when seen that her daughter wasn’t moving around. She opened the door to see her daughter with two seatbelts wrapped around her neck. She was strangling there and as they tried to un wrap the seatbelts they got tighter, until they finally got something to cut the seatbelts and get her loose. That’s another great example on how seatbelts aren’t always there for just safety. Some people even believe that they can drive faster if wearing their seatbelt, they believe if they crash they are safe due to the seatbelt, which is ridiculous. †If this just sounds absolutely absurd, ask yourself: would you drive with greater care if – one fine day- you woke and discovered that someone cut away your seatbelt? If the answer is yes, then it means you aren’t driving as safely as you can, right now with your seatbelt on† (Kumar, Navin. 1). Yes in many cases seatbelts reduce the amount of accidents that happen, and they decrease the number of deaths. But they cause people to drive faster and more recklessly, causing more accidents and increasing the number of people who die. Seatbelt laws are also hypocritical. The author mentions, â€Å"Although opponents to primary enforcement seat belt laws claim that nonuse is a personal choice and affects only the individual, the fact is that motor vehicle injuries and fatalities have a significant societal cost.† Why is it that a person in a vehicle has to wear a seatbelt yet a motorcyclist doesn’t have to wear a helmet? The beneficial law is a violation of a person’s freedom. Seatbelts are there if a person chooses to wear one, and those who want to can wear their seatbelt, but those who don’t want to shouldn’t be forced to wear one. If some people think others are risking their life because they aren’t wearing their seatbelt then that’s their opinion. Our belief is that it’s up to you to make your own decisions. The government shouldn’t be forcing anyone to do anything for their own good. In a free society, if someone is injured or killed because they freely choose to use or not use their seatbelt, that is a person’s tragedy, as it is with other freely chosen risks in life. It’s not at all reasonable. Citations Higgins, Kathyrn OLeary. Primary Seat Belt Enforcement Laws Are Beneficial. Cars in America. Ed. Andrea C. Nakaya. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from Testimony of Honorable Kathryn OLeary Higgins, Board Member, National Transportation Safety Board. 2009. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 4 Feb. 2013. http://ic.galegroup.com.gary.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?failOverType=query=prodId=OVICwindowstate=normalcontentModules=mode=viewdisplayGroupName=Viewpointslimiter=currPage=disableHighlighting=truedisplayGroups=sortBy=source=search_within_results=action=ecatId=activityType=scanId=documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010429245 Kumar, Navin. â€Å"Can safety regulations kill you? How safe are seatbelts and seatbelt laws? Digital Bits Skeptic. Copyright. 2012. Web 4 Feb 2013. http://www.dbskeptic.com/2009/06/21/can-safety-regulations-kill-you-how-safe-are-seabelts-and-seatbelt-laws/ http://www.sallycphotography.com/archives/2005

Demand Management and Fiscal Policy Essay examples -- Fiscal Policy In

Demand Management and Fiscal Policy Fiscal policy is the manipulation of aggregate demand using taxation and or government spending. The government tends to make most of its fiscal decisions in the annual budget, usually announced in March of each year. However, there are a number of problems in using fiscal policy to control aggregate demand - one of the most significant is the problem of time-lags. 1. Time Lags Many aspects of fiscal policy have a delayed effect on aggregate demand. Changing the fiscal stance can take some time to achieve. For example switching to an expansionary fiscal policy through increased government spending can take some time before the full multiplied effects are felt on the economy. If the government announced increased health service spending, there could be considerable delays, as various committees decide how best to allocate the new funding. Then, if some extra construction work is planned, contracts need negotiating and awarding, all before actual spending takes place. On top of all these delays, major capital projects such as new hospital extensions could themselves take some time to complete. The net effect is that there may be months if not years before the planned increased in government spending actually has its full effect on the economy. This scenario is equally appropriate if the government is intending to build more roads, employ more teachers, invest more in the military etc. Admittedly, a tax change is probably quicker to introduce, although often businesses need some advanced warning so they can accommodate any change - again building-in some delay. Question: So what is his the problem of this for demand management ? The danger is that if the government was attempting to reflate the economy ( ie boost AD ) because of a lack of demand and economic activity, by the time the expansionary fiscal policy takes effect - the economy could have entered an upswing. Thus the economy might end up being stimulated at exactly the most inappropriate time. This time lag in fiscal policy could lead to exaggerated swings in the trade cycle - increasing volatility and hence inducing more uncertainty. 2. Fine Tuning -------------- Fine tuning is difficult when using fiscal policy. This refers to the ability to manipulate taxes and spending plans to bring abo... ...there any benefits ? Alternatively, an interest rate decrease is likely to lead to some capital outflows and hence a weakening of the currency. 2. Interest rates and time lags There can be some delays before the full effects of interest rates change are felt on the economy. When the Bank of England push up rates for example, it will take some time for the full effects to filter through the economy. Some estimates put this delay as being as long as 18 months. This is because, some banks eg HSBC, NatWest may not immediately adjust their rates straight away. Even if they do, some individuals may have fixed rate loans or mortgages, or they have some period of fixed rate ( eg for the first 3 years of a mortgage). Therefore, these individuals will not have their discretionary income changed for some time. Individuals with outstanding amounts on credit cards may also benefit from a couple of months delay before they start to notice that their interest payments have started to rise. Nevertheless, interest rate changes are thought to be much faster acting that fiscal policy changes, as at least an interest change will have some immediate impact straight away.

General Muslim Religion Essay

Islam is the world’s second great monotheistic religion (Armstrong, 2002). Islam, an Arabic word, comes from a root word meaning commitment or surrender: hence the foundation of Islam is submission to the will of the Only God, Allah. The word ‘Muslim’ also itself means ‘one who lives his life according to Allah’s will (Esposito, 2002). Allah also has laid down the five pillars of foundations of Islam which are: 1. Confession of faith (shahada): the basic idea of Islam which is submission to Allah’s will 2. Prayer (salat): An exercise done five times daily to remember Allah’s influence in a Muslim’s life 3. Fasting (Roza): In the month of Ramadan for a month 4. Almsgiving (Zakat): Annually by rich Muslims at the rate of 21/2% of wealth 5. Pilgrimage (hajj): Once in a lifetime What holidays or events are important to your religion and why? The Muslims follow the Islamic calendar which is based on the position of the moon and their holidays fall accordingly to it. This includes 1. New Year which for them is the first day of Hijra (migration) when we celebrate Prophet Muhammad’s departure from Mecca to Medina in AD622 2. 12th Rabi-ul-awwal that is the birthday of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) 3. Shab-e-Baraat (night of forgiveness): In preparation of Ramadan, Muslims seek to forgive old grievances against each other and beg for mercy from their Lord 4. Lailat-ul-Qadr (night of power) when the Holy Quran was revealed to the Holy Prophet. It takes place on the 27th of Ramadan. 5. Eid-ul-Fitr which takes place after Ramadan and is like Christmas to the Muslims 6. Hajj: The pilgrimage which constitutes the fifth pillar of Islam is one of the most important events in the Muslim calendar and takes place in the month of Hajj 7. Eid-ul-Azha: Another Christmas type celebration which celebrates the end of the Meccan pilgrimage and animal sacrifices are made during the three days How does your group handle conflict? What are some examples of conflict? If there are criminal or family conflicts, they can be resolved through Islamic courts which decide the cases according to Shariah or the Islamic law. These are practiced in almost al Muslim countries though such Shariah courts are disallowed in western countries and over there Muslims must follow the law of the country they are residents of. One of Britain’s MPs recently suggested that Shariah courts be allowed in Britain also but this created uproar by non-Muslims who were afraid of Islamization. Other then that, if the solution of an issue is not mentioned in the Quran or its explanation is murky, knowledgeable Islamic scholars gather together to find an answer to a certain problem and it then becomes a rule of the Shariah. This practice has been prescribed by Allah to keep Islam updated with emerging problems in this fast changing world. What is the focus of your religion? The focus of Islam for Muslims is again submission to Allah’s will. This can be done through reading, understanding and following the word of God, which Muslims believe to be the Holy Quran. They should also follow the teachings of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) called the Sunnah and only then can they live the life of a true and complete Muslim. For the Western world though, the focus of Islam has always been its fascist beliefs and what they consider to be its outdated traditions, not understanding that there is only a minority of Muslims who distort the name of Islam by interpreting it so harshly. Who are your current leaders? Who are leaders of the past? Like most religions, Muslims have also had pious men of God lead them by example. There have been a total of 124000 prophets sent by Allah though the Quran only mentions 25 of them. The first prophet was Hazrat Adam and the final and undoubtedly the greatest prophet was our last prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). Allah revealed in the Quran that no more prophets shall come after the Holy Prophet (PBUH). After the prophets, came numerous Caliphs or religious leaders. Currently, tough there are learned Islamic scholars in the Muslim world; there are no leader as such. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the words of Allah was the Seal of the Prophets. How do your members participate and what is expected? All Muslim males are required to congregate in a mosque for the five daily prayers, especially the afternoon Friday prayers (Clark, 2003). For Muslim women, assembly in mosques is not mandatory. Other then that, all Muslims are required to uphold the basic principles of Islam by fulfilling all their obligations. Are there any special requirements, such as fasting, personal sacrifice? Fasting is the third pillar of Islam and without fasting, a Muslim is incomplete. It is prescribed for Muslims in the form of a month long abstinence from food and drink, accompanied by intense devotional activity. Physical relations and swear words are also prohibited to be performed or uttered. Similarly, smoking, losing temper, telling lies and all negative activities are also discouraged. Fasting, as is made clear by Allah, is not to be taken as self torture but mainly a way for Muslims to learn about patience, fortitude and self sacrifice and also to realize the plight of the needy and poor. During Eid-ul-Azha, Muslims are also required to sacrifice goats in God’s way and share the meat with the poor. Where do you see your religion in 25 years? What changes have occurred recently? Keeping in mind the fast growing popularity of Islam, I see Islam in 25 years, as the world’s largest religion. This is because as the concept of religion is dying in the west and more churches are being converted to museums and restaurants, Muslims, now more than ever are embracing their faith with a greater fervency and non-Muslims are also converting to Islam which they accept as a complete way of life and not just a religion. Muslims have now grown more receptive to Western ideas and Ijtehad or consensus helps keep Islam updated with the modern world. How has the modern world changed the direction and or movement of your religion? The recent of War on Terror, which often tends to depict Islam as a rigid and extremist religion has resulted in more Muslims delving deeper to understand their religion (Lewis, 2004). This has led to increased knowledge of Islam and a growing number of Muslims defending their faith as actually a very flexible one. My religion’s name has been besmirched by a few misguided individuals who believe suicide bombings and terrorist activities are completely acceptable in the eyes of God which is not at all the case. Islam’s very basis is peace. Are there any other validated forms of the religion practiced? What are some of the factors that have contributed to changes in ideas or customs? The Muslim sect is predominantly divided into Sunnis (around 80%) and Shiahs. The major difference between them is the way in which divine guidance is discovered. Sunni Muslims take their stand on the consensus of the community making known the Sunna (Holy Prophet’s example) of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Shiah Muslims look instead to inspired teachers and Imams who are descendents of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Other sects include the Aghakhanis who are followers of the Aga Khan who considers himself a spiritual leader sent by God. His followers believe the five pillars of Islam to be non-mandatory, preferring to give charity to the poor instead. They don’t share the Muslim taboo associated with drinking. Many believe theses changes have occurred due to undue influence of the West. Other sects are the Qadianis and Bohris. Conclusion Muslims all over the world follows a religion known as Islam which is a monotheistic religion. The word Islam means to submit oneself to god. There are almost 2 billion Muslims around the world practicing the teaching of Islam making it the second largest religion of the world. The follows the teachings of Prophet Mohammad on whom a holy book Quran was revealed. The faith of a Muslim is based on five pillars of Islam that are tauheed, salaat, zakat, hajj, and fasting. References Book Armstrong. (2002). Islam: A Short History. Esposito, J. L. (2002). What everyone needs to Know about Islam. Clark. (2003). Islam for Dummies. Lewis. (2004). The Crisis of Islam.